+1 732.247.2390

Contact

EN

/ 中文

LOGIN

Search

Diet Choice Affects Metabolic/Microbiome Research

by | May 15, 2026 | Formulation Insights, Product Literature (Diet) | 0 comments

Abstract  

Effects of Rodent Diet Choice and Fiber Type on Data Interpretation of Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Disease Research

Download the PDF

References

  1. Adam, C. L., Williams, P. A., Garden, K. E., Thomson, L. M., & Ross, A. W. (2015). Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre(pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hyper-trophy and gut satiety hormone secretion inrats. PLoS ONE, 10(1), 1–14. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115438.
  2. Benoit, B., Plaisanci´ e, P., Awada, M., G´ elo¨ en, A., Estienne, M., Capel, F., . . . Michalski, M.-C.(2013). High-fat diet action on adiposity, inflam-mation, and insulin sensitivity depends on the control low-fat diet. Nutrition Research, 33(11),952–960. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2013.07.017.
  3. Bieri, J., Stoewsand, G., Briggs, G., Phillips, R.,Woodard, J., & Knapka, J. J. (1977). Report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc committee on standards for nutritional studies. Journal of Nutrition, 107(7), 1340–1348. doi:10.1093/jn/107.7.1340.
  4. Brooks, L., Viardot, A., Tsakmaki, A., Stolarczyk, E., Howard, J. K., Cani, P. D., . . . Bewick, G. A. (2017). Fermentable carbohydrate stimulates FFAR2-dependent colonic PYY cell expansion to increase satiety. Molecular Metabolism, 6(1), 48–60. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.011.
  5. Cani, P. D., Amar, J., Iglesias, M. A., Poggi, M., Knauf, C., Bastelica, D., . . . Burcelin, R.(2007). Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes, 56(7), 1761–1772. doi: 10.2337/db06-1491.
  6. Chassaing, B., Miles-Brown, J., Pellizzon, M., Ul-man, E., Ricci, M., Zhang, L., . . . Gewirtz, A. T. (2015). Lack of soluble fiber drives diet-induced adiposity in mice. American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 309(7), G528–541. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00172.2015.
  7. Chassaing, B., Vijay-Kumar, M., & Gewirtz, A.T. (2017). How diet can impact gut microbiota to promote or endanger health. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 33(6), 417–421. doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000401.
  8. Chateigner-Boutin, A. L., Bouchet, B., Alvarado, C., Bakan, B., & Guillon, F. (2014). The wheat grain contains pectic domains exhibiting specific spatial and development-associated distribution. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e89620. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089620.
  9. Cockell, K. A., & Belonje, B. (2004). Nephrocal-cinosis caused by dietary calcium: Phosphorus imbalance in female rats develops rapidly and is irreversible. The Journal of Nutrition, 134(3),637–640. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.3.637.
  10. Cockell, K. A., L’Abb´ e, M. R., & Belonje, B.(2002). The concentrations and ratio of dietary calcium and phosphorus influence development of nephrocalcinosis in female rats. The Journal of Nutrition, 132(2), 252–256. doi:10.1093/jn/132.2.252.
  11. Codex Alimentarius (2013). Guidelines on Nutrition Labelling. Cac/Gl 2-1985, 53(9), 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.
  12. Desai, M. S., Seekatz, A. M., Koropatkin, N.M., Kamada, N., Hickey, C. A., Wolter, M., . . . Martens, E. C. (2016). A dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility. Cell, 167, 1339–1353. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.043.
  13. Duffy, P. H., Lewis, S. M., Mayhugh, M. A., Mc-cracken, A., Thorn, B. T., Reeves, P. G., . . .Feuers, R. J. (2002). Nutrition and aging effect of the AIN-93M purified diet and dietary restriction on survival in sprague-dawley rats: Implications for chronic studies 1. The Journal of Nutrition, 132, 101–107. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.1.101.
  14. Fodde, R., Schmitt, M., Schewe, M., & Augenlicht, L. H. (2017). Fodde Hepatobiliary surgery 2017 Commentary Modelling Western dietary habits in the mouse. HepatoBiliary Surgery and Nutrition, 6(2), 138–140. doi:10.21037/hbsn.2017.01.20.
  15. Freedman, L. P., Cockburn, I. M., & Simcoe, T.S. (2015). The economics of reproducibility in preclinical research. PLoS Biology, 13(6), e1002165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002165.
  16. Greenman, D., Oller, W., Littlefield, N., & Nelson, C. (1980). Commercial laboratory animal diets: Toxicant and nutrient variability. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 6, 235–246. doi: 10.1080/15287398009529848.
  17. Holscher, H. D. (2017). Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes, 8(2), 172–184. doi:10.1080/19490976.2017.1290756.
  18. Hrncir, T., Stepankova, R., Kozakova, H., Hudcovic, T., & Tlaskalova-Hogenova, H.(2008). Gut microbiota and lipopolysaccharide content of the diet influence development of regulatory T cells: Studies in germ-free mice. BMC Immunology, 9, 65. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2172-9-65.
  19. Ikarashi, N., Toda, T., Okaniwa, T., Ito, K., Ochiai, W., & Sugiyama, K. (2011). Antiobesity and anti-diabetic effects of acacia polyphenol in obese diabetic KKAy mice fed high-fat diet. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011(15), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep241. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. (2011). Guidance for the description of animal research in scientific publications guidance for the description of animal research in scientific publications. (National Research Council, Ed.).
  20. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/doi:10.17226/13241. Jensen, M. N., & Ritskes-Hoitinga, M. (2007). How isoflavone levels in common rodent diets can interfere with the value of animal models and with experimental results. Laboratory Animal, 41(1), 1–18. doi:10.1258/002367707779399428.
  21. Kalia, S., Dufresne, A., Cherian, B. M., Kaith, B.S., Av´ erous, L., Njuguna, J., & Nassiopoulos, E.(2011). Cellulose-based bio- and nanocomposites: A review. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2011, 35. doi: 10.1155/2011/837875.
  22. Kilkenny, C., Browne, W. J., Cuthill, I. C.,Emerson, M., & Altman, D. G. (2010). Improving Bioscience Research Reporting: The ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research. PLoS Biology, 8(6), 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000412.
  23. Kozul, C. D., Nomikos Athena, P., Hampton, T.H., Warnke, L. A., Gosse, J. A., Davey, J. C.,. . . Hamilton Joshua, W. (2008). Laboratory diet profoundly alters gene expression and confounds genomic analysis in mouse liver and lung. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 173(2), 129–140. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.02.008.
  24. Laukens, D., Brinkman, B. M., Raes, J., De Vos, M., & Vandenabeele, P. (2015). Heterogeneity of the gut microbiome in mice: Guidelines for optimizing experimental design. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 40(1), 117–132. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuv036.
  25. Levrat, M.-A., R´em´ esy, C., & Demign´ e, C.(1991). High propionic acid fermentations and mineral accumulation in the cecum of rats adapted to different levels of inulin. The Journal of Nutrition, 121(11), 1730–1737. doi:10.1093/jn/121.11.1730.
  26. Liu, T.-W., Cephas, K. D., Holscher, H. D., Kerr, K. R., Mangian, H. F., Tappenden, K. A., & Swanson, K. S. (2016). Nondigestible fructans alter gastrointestinal barrier function, gene expression, histomorphology, and the microbiota profiles of diet-induced obese C57BL/6J Mice. Journal of Nutrition, 146(5), 949–956. doi:10.3945/jn.115.227504.
  27. Mesnage, R., Defarge, N., Rocque, L. M., De Vendˆ omois, J. S., & S´ eralini, G. E. (2015). Laboratory rodent diets contain toxic levels of environmental contaminants: Implications for regulatory tests. PLoS ONE, 10(7), e0128429. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128429.
  28. Neyrinck, A., Van H´ ee, E. V., Piront, N.,De Backer, F., Toussaint, O., Cani, P., & Delzenne, N. (2012). Wheat-derived arabinoxylan oligosaccharides with prebiotic effect increase satietogenic gut peptides and reduce metabolic endotoxemia in diet-induced obese mice. Nutrition and Diabetes, 2, e28. doi:10.1038/nutd.2011.24.
  29. Pellizzon, M. A., & Ricci, M. R. (2018). The common use of improper control diets in diet-induced metabolic disease research confounds data interpretation: The fiber factor. Nutrition & Metabolism, 15(1), 3. doi:10.1186/s12986-018-0243-5.
  30. Pellizzon, M. A., Ricci, M. R., Compton, D. S.,Rocheford, E. C., Dionysius, A. A., Koval,J. C., & Ulman, E. A. (2015). Replacement of Insoluble Fiber (IF) With Soluble Fiber (SF) in a Purified-Ingredient Open Standard Diet Increases Cecal and Colonic Weights Similar to Grain-Based Chows (Chows) and Distinctly Alters Microbiota in Weanling Male C57BL/6N Mice. In Gastroenterology (p. 148(4), Supplement 1, S-540). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(15)31812-6.
  31. Reeves, P. G., Nielson, F. H., & Fahey, G. C. (1993). AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: Final report of the american institute of nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A Rodent Diet. Journal of Nutrition, 123, 939–951. doi: 10.1093/jn/123.11.1939.
  32. Rendina-Ruedy, E., & Smith, B. J. (2016). Methodological considerations when studying the skeletal response to glucose intolerance using the diet-induced obesity model. BoneKEy Reports, 5, 845. doi: 10.1038/bonekey.2016.71.
  33. Ricci, M., & Ulman, E. (2005). Laboratory animal diets: A critical part of your in vivo research. Animal Laboratory News, 4(6), 1–6. Retrieved from https://www.alnmag.com/article/laboratory-animal-diets-critical-part-your-vivo-research.
  34. Rutten, A. A. J. J. L., & de Groot, A. P. (1992). Comparison of cereal-based diet with purified diet by short-term feeding studies in rats, mice and hamsters, with emphasis on toxicity charac- teristics. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 30(7),601–610. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(92)90194-P.
  35. Stevenson, L., Phillips, F., O’sullivan, K., & Walton, J. (2012). Wheat bran: Its composition and benefits to health, a European perspective. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 63(8), 1001–1013. doi:10.3109/09637486.2012.687366.
  36. Thigpen, J. E., Setchell, K. D., Kissling, G.E., Locklear, J., Caviness, G. F., Whiteside, T., . . . Grant, M. (2013). The estrogenic content of rodent diets, bedding, cages, and water bottles and its effect on bisphenol a studies. Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science: JAALAS, 52(2), 130–141. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23562095.
  37. Thigpen, J. E., Setchell, K. D. R., Padilla-Banks, E.,Haseman, J. K., Saunders, H. E., Caviness, G. F.,. . . Forsythe, D. B. (2007). Variations in phytoestrogen content between different mill dates of the same diet produces significant differences in the time of vaginal opening in CD-1 mice and F344 rats but not in CD Sprague-Dawley rats. Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(12), 1717–1726. doi: 10.1289/ehp.10165.
  38. Thigpen, J., Setchell, K., Ahlmark, K., Lock-lear, J., Spahr, T., Caviness, G., . . .Forsythe, D. (1999). Phytoestrogen content of purified, open- and closed-formula laboratory animal diets. Laboratory Animal Sciences, 49(5), 530–536. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10551455.
  39. Vitaglione, P., Napolitano, A., & Fogliano, V.(2008). Cereal dietary fibre: A natural functional ingredient to deliver phenolic compounds into the gut. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 19(9), 451–463. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2008.02.005.
  40. Warden, C. H., & Fisler, J. S. (2008). Comparisons of diets used in animal models of high fat feeding. Cell Metabolism, 7(4), 277. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.03.014.
  41. Wise, A., & Gilburt, D. J. (1980). The variability of dietary fibre in laboratory animal diets and its relevance to the control of experimental conditions. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 18, 643–648. doi: 10.1016/S0015-6264(80)80013-7.
  42. Wise, A. (1982). Interaction of diet and toxicity the future role of purified diet in toxicological research. Archives of Toxicology, 50(3-4), 287–299. doi: 10.1007/BF00310861.
  43. Yang, J., Bindels, L., Munoz, R. R. S., Mart´ınez, I., Walter, J., Ramer-Tait, A., & Rose, D. J. (2016). Disparate metabolic responses in mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with maize-derived non-digestible feruloylated oligo- and polysaccharides are linked to changes in the gut microbiota. Plos One, Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.1371.
  44. Yang, J., Maldonado-G´ omez, M. X., Hutkins, R. W., & Rose, D. J. (2014). Production and in vitro fermentation of soluble, non-digestible, feruloylated oligo- and polysaccharides from maize and wheat brans. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(1), 159–166. doi:10.1021/jf404305y.
  45. Zou, J., Chassaing, B., Singh, V., Pellizzon, M., Ricci, M., Fythe, M. D., . . . Gewirtz, A. T. (2017). Fiber-mediated nourishment of gut microbiota protects against diet induced obesity by restoring il-22-mediated colonic health. Cell Host and Microbe, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.003.

Submit a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *